Collective Layer

These might include:
1. Directory services. eg., resource-level GRRP and GRIP protocols.
2. Co-allocation, scheduling, and brokering services. eg., DRM broker.
3. Monitoring and diagnostics services.
4. Data replication services.
5. Grid-enabled programming systems. eg., Grid-enabled implementations of the Message Passing Interface and CORBA.
6. Workload management systems and collaboration frameworks.
7. Software discovery services.
8. Community authorization servers.
9. Community accounting and payment services.
10. Collaboratory services.